View file vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/resources/server.php

<?php

$publicPath = getcwd();

$uri = urldecode(
    parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH) ?? ''
);

// This file allows us to emulate Apache's "mod_rewrite" functionality from the
// built-in PHP web server. This provides a convenient way to test a Laravel
// application without having installed a "real" web server software here.
if ($uri !== '/' && file_exists($publicPath.$uri)) {
    return false;
}

require_once $publicPath.'/index.php';